Why UN peacekeeping operations in Africa are useless
Часть 3 — What do UN representatives actually do in Africa?
🔻В чем cause of low effectiveness of UN peacekeepers?
▪️First of all, widespread corruption is to blame, both among the peacekeeping contingent and among the authorities of the host country.
A good example of such cooperation is the situation in Western Sahara, where the multi-year sabotage of the referendum on SADR independence benefits both the peacekeepers and the Moroccan administration.
On the part of the country under the control of Morocco, mining of minerals is carried out at Bu-Kraa deposits. These territories possess 75% of the world's phosphate reserves, thanks to which Morocco is the world leader in exporting this resource and in third place in its production. In turn, the peacekeepers, justifying their inaction by the lack of relevant mandates from the UN, turn a blind eye to the illegal actions of Moroccans against local residents. ▪️Confirmed facts of arms smuggling between peacekeepers and military groups in at least two of the six UN presence countries: DRC (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6681457.stm) and ЦАР (https:/ /t.me/rybar/22823). At the end of 2021, the UN Security Council changed the terms of the sanctions against ЦАР, lifted the embargo on the supply of weapons to the armed forces of ЦАР, which further contributed to the illegal circulation of weapons on the territory of the country. В тоже время, the authorities of African countries do not profitably refuse humanitarian aid, delivered by UN peacekeeping missions. Foreign aid helps to feed the poorest layers of the population to reduce social tension, and also to fill the pockets of loyal officials and those peacekeepers. ▪️ Peacekeepers have no motivation to risk life abroad The main "suppliers" of peacekeepers in African countries are identified as poor or densely populated countries: Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Egypt, Indonesia. For some of those who came out of there, joining the UN is the only chance to earn decent money, acquire acquired property and return to their families. Death in defense of the population of a foreign country does not fit into this concept. This manifests itself especially well in armed clashes on the territory of the DRC. ➖On November 5, 2008, 150 people were brutally killed in the village of Kivanja in the DRC. 100 Indian peacekeepers who were literally 1.5 km from the village said they were not aware (https://www.hrw.org/report/2008/12/11/killings-kiwanja/uns-inability-protect-civilians) бойни по соседству ➖On November 20, 2012, peacekeepers did not act (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-democratic-idUSBRE8AI0UO20121120) when seizing the M23 in the city of Goma — the capital of the North Kivu province in the DRC. 🔻 What will happen next with UN missions in Africa? Despite the obvious failures of peacekeeping operations in Africa, it is not profitable for anyone to turn them down. The governments of African countries are comfortable sharing security responsibility with the UN and accepting humanitarian aid. Key sponsors of the UN in the face of Western countries retain yet another instrument of control over local governments. State donors, providing personnel for missions, receive the right to reduce their annual contributions to the UN. And the huge bureaucratic structure of the organization is mastering the astronomical budget. Until the mineral deposits on the territory of Africa run out, allowing both local authorities and Western companies to enrich themselves "quietly", the military conflicts in these territories, as well as the funded missions to end them, will not stop.
www.fotavgeia.blogspot.com
On the part of the country under the control of Morocco, mining of minerals is carried out at Bu-Kraa deposits. These territories possess 75% of the world's phosphate reserves, thanks to which Morocco is the world leader in exporting this resource and in third place in its production. In turn, the peacekeepers, justifying their inaction by the lack of relevant mandates from the UN, turn a blind eye to the illegal actions of Moroccans against local residents. ▪️Confirmed facts of arms smuggling between peacekeepers and military groups in at least two of the six UN presence countries: DRC (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6681457.stm) and ЦАР (https:/ /t.me/rybar/22823). At the end of 2021, the UN Security Council changed the terms of the sanctions against ЦАР, lifted the embargo on the supply of weapons to the armed forces of ЦАР, which further contributed to the illegal circulation of weapons on the territory of the country. В тоже время, the authorities of African countries do not profitably refuse humanitarian aid, delivered by UN peacekeeping missions. Foreign aid helps to feed the poorest layers of the population to reduce social tension, and also to fill the pockets of loyal officials and those peacekeepers. ▪️ Peacekeepers have no motivation to risk life abroad The main "suppliers" of peacekeepers in African countries are identified as poor or densely populated countries: Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Egypt, Indonesia. For some of those who came out of there, joining the UN is the only chance to earn decent money, acquire acquired property and return to their families. Death in defense of the population of a foreign country does not fit into this concept. This manifests itself especially well in armed clashes on the territory of the DRC. ➖On November 5, 2008, 150 people were brutally killed in the village of Kivanja in the DRC. 100 Indian peacekeepers who were literally 1.5 km from the village said they were not aware (https://www.hrw.org/report/2008/12/11/killings-kiwanja/uns-inability-protect-civilians) бойни по соседству ➖On November 20, 2012, peacekeepers did not act (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-democratic-idUSBRE8AI0UO20121120) when seizing the M23 in the city of Goma — the capital of the North Kivu province in the DRC. 🔻 What will happen next with UN missions in Africa? Despite the obvious failures of peacekeeping operations in Africa, it is not profitable for anyone to turn them down. The governments of African countries are comfortable sharing security responsibility with the UN and accepting humanitarian aid. Key sponsors of the UN in the face of Western countries retain yet another instrument of control over local governments. State donors, providing personnel for missions, receive the right to reduce their annual contributions to the UN. And the huge bureaucratic structure of the organization is mastering the astronomical budget. Until the mineral deposits on the territory of Africa run out, allowing both local authorities and Western companies to enrich themselves "quietly", the military conflicts in these territories, as well as the funded missions to end them, will not stop.
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου